Alcoholism develops when people become so dependent on alcohol that they become addicted to its effects. Alcohol helps people escape the realities of everyday stress by giving them a feeling of relaxation. These feelings are only temporary, which results in people using more and more alcohol. As alcohol consumption increases, there are other side effects, such as a negative self-image and self-loathing. These negative feelings usually degenerate into serious depression and even suicidal thoughts.

Alcohol abuse has devastating effects on a person’s body (physically), psychologically (emotional), socially (relationships with family, work and society) and spiritually.

Effects on the brain

• Irreversible loss of brain tissue and memory (especially short-term memory).
• Hallucinations.
• Delusions.
• Confusion.
• Disturbed and irrational behaviour.
• Fainting.

Psychological effects

The mind is affected to such an extent that people experience:

• Restlessness and anxiety.
• Memory impairment.
• Disorientation regarding time and place.
• Hallucinations and delusions.
• Profuse sweating.
• Pregnant women who drink excessively can develop fetal alcohol syndrome, causing the unborn baby to be mentally impaired.

Physiological effects

• Weight gain initially, then weight loss.
• Long-term use – swollen and coarse complexion, bloodshot eyes.
• High blood pressure.
• An enlarged, weak heart.
• Stomach ulcers.
• Inflammation of the liver, which swells up and eventually shrinks to become a small, hard, non-functional organ (Cirrhosis).

Factors that can lead to alcoholism

• Lack of communication skills.
• Lack of problem solving.
• Poor anger management.
• Low self-image.
• Lack of a support system.
• Lack of recreational activities.

Need help with addiction?

If you feel you need help with any type of addiction, you are welcome to contact Platinum Health’s Mental Health Services (MHS) on 014 590 1700 to book an appointment.